Stellar Nucleosynthesis

Super massive "Black Hole" and Quasar in the center of a Galaxy

In this vast universe, there are several galaxies with a black hole and quasar in its midst...

but, these objects are so mysterious that more we want know them the more distant they seem.

QUASAR

Quasars, the most distant objects discovered by astronomers in the Universe, are very bright, large point-like objects just like stars; most are larger than our Solar System, and they radiate enormous amounts of energy. Quasars can be a trillion times brighter than the Sun; they radiate more energy than 100 normal galaxies combined. Quasars are most likely the centers of active galaxies, and may produce their energy from the huge black holes found in the center of the galaxies in which the quasars are located. Quasars drown out the light from all the other stars in the same galaxy because they are so bright.

Quasars look like stars, but are much farther away than stars in our galaxy, and they are much brighter. These are point-like sources of radio waves in space, and are also called "quasi-stellar radio sources"; this name which means star-like emitters of radio waves was first given in the 1960s when quasars were first discovered. Even though they are very far away, the visible light and the strong radio radiation astronomers see shows that quasars must be very bright. As well as radio waves and visible light, quasars also radiate ultraviolet rays, infrared waves, X-rays, and gamma-rays. In 1963 astronomers figured out that these massive objects were about one billion to ten billion light years away. The energy from a quasar takes billions of years to get to the Earth's atmosphere. In 1987, British and American astronomers discovered an object that may be 12 billion light years away.

BLACK HOLE

Black holes are some of the strangest and most fascinating objects found in outer space. They are objects of extreme density, with such strong gravitational attraction that even light cannot escape from their grasp if it comes near enough.

Albert Einstein first predicted black holes in 1916 with his general theory of relativity. The term "black hole" was coined in 1967 by American astronomer John Wheeler, and the first one was discovered in 1971. 

There are three types: stellar black holes, supermassive black holes and intermediate black holes.

• When a star burns through the last of its fuel, it may collapse, or fall into itself. For smaller stars, up to about three times the sun's mass, the new core will be a neutron star or a white dwarf. But when a larger star collapses, it continues to compress and creates a stellar black hole.
• Small black holes populate the universe, but their cousins, supermassive black holes, dominate. Supermassive black holes are millions or even billions of times as massive as the sun, but have a radius similar to that of Earth's closest star. Such black holes are thought to lie at the center of pretty much every galaxy, including the Milky Way.
• Scientists once thought black holes came in only small and large sizes, but recent research has revealed the possibility for the existence of mid-size, or intermediate, black holes (IMBHs). Such bodies could form when stars in a cluster collide in a chain reaction. Several of these forming in the same region could eventually fall together in the center of a galaxy and create a supermassive black hole.
  In 2014, astronomers found what appeared to be an intermediate-mass black hole in the arm of a spiral galaxy.